The 5-Minute Guide To Flood Insurance: What It Is, How It Works, And Whether You Need It

You've got house insurance, and assume your property is covered for any type of detrimental occurrence that can possibly take place.

However, not all homeowners are aware that home insurance policies don't necessarily cover damage related to a flood, as the risks are too great. As a result, homeowners must purchase flood insurance through a private company.

Floods are one of the most common hazards in the US, costing billions of dollars in damage to properties every year.

Since this is a common issue lately, the federal government updating these policies currently so please talk with your real estate professional or local insurance company for the most up to date information.

What Is Flood Insurance?

Flood insurance policies are typically made available to homeowners in flood-prone areas. The majority of insurance policies cover some form of water damage, from things like leaking faucets to bursting plumbing pipes.

However, such policies don't cover water damage as a result of flooding of rivers or sewers that cause water to ruin a home.

Specific flood protection is provided by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which is run by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Standard flood insurance policies cover "direct physical damage" to a property resulting from floods.

A separate policy must be purchased to protect the belongings inside the home or building. Homeowners can buy up to $250,000 in coverage for the home, and up to $100,000 in coverage for possessions. Even renters are permitted to purchase flood insurance to cover their possessions.

How Does Flood Insurance Work?

Flood insurance isn't sold by FEMA directly, but rather is sold to customers through private insurance agencies. Premium rates are determined by the government, and they remain consistent from one insurer to the next.

How much a homeowner pays for their own specific flood insurance depends on a number of factors, including how prone the neighborhood is to floods and how much coverage a homeowner wants. The average annual premium is approximately $520 for $100,000 worth of coverage for a property with no basement, and approximately $615 annually for a property with a basement.

Filing A Flood Insurance Claim

The claims process is like any other insurance claim. Once the claim is filed, the damage will be analyzed by an adjustor assigned by the insurance company. A "proof of loss" form will need to filled out and submitted to the insurer within 60 days of the flood occurrence.

Do You Need Flood Insurance?

It's necessary to find out if you are eligible for flood insurance before buying it. For residents of a community to be eligible, the community needs to enforce floodplain statutes to lessen the chances of flood damage, after which FEMA ensures that such regulations are followed.

Only those who reside in a community that participates in NFIP can buy insurance - today, about 20,000 communities across the country participate in this program.

FEMA offers maps that outline what areas are at high risk for floods, and those that are at moderate-to-low risk. The law requires homeowners to have flood insurance if the properties are located in a high-risk zone and have a federally-backed mortgage. This is because properties located in these high-risk areas have a 26 percent chance of suffering flood damage during the 30 years that it would take to pay off a mortgage.

Homeowners are not required to buy flood insurance if they reside in a moderate-to-low-risk zone, though it may be a good idea to purchase it anyway. Properties outside the high-risk areas make up over 20 percent of NFIP claims. Homeowners in these areas can purchase up to $200,000 in flood insurance.

The bottom line is, even if you don't necessarily live in a high-risk zone, this doesn't mean your home won't ever get flooded. Many conditions can result in flood damage, including clogged drain systems, flash rainstorms, and damaged levees.

Insurance Policies : Which Do You Need, Which Should You Skip?

Insurance is protection against unexpected expenses and insurance policies are available for nearly any scenario you can envision -- even your own ransom. But just because an insurance policy is available, that doesn't mean you should buy it.

Some insurance policies give you good bang for the buck. Others are plain wasteful.

In this 3-minute segment from NBC's The Today Show, you'll hear of several common insurance policies and their relative merits to people of California who purchase them.

For example, Americans will spend an estimated $450 million on pet insurance this year. Because of the policies' restrictions and deductibles, though, it's an insurance policy that rarely pays off. This is one reason why financial experts often recommend that you pass on purchasing pet insurance.

Within the segment, other reviewed insurance policies include :

• Mobile phone insurance
• Flight and travel insurance
• Extended warranties for electronics
• Umbrella policies
• Renters insurance

There's also discussion about home warranties, and why you should avoid policies that last longer than one year.

Insurance should be an important part of your overall financial plan. However, the key is to have the proper policies in place, with an appropriate amount of coverage. Review your policies annually and keep your coverage current.  

My Home Is Flooded. What Do I Do?

With large swaths of the country bracing for an historic Mississippi River flood, it's important to remember that floods aren't just regional.

Flood waters can strike any city, in any state, at any time. According to FloodSmart.gov, floods are the #1 most common disaster in the United States. $709 million in flood insurance claims were paid to households, businesses, and renters in 2010 -- more than one-third of which went to people outside of "high-risk areas".

Should a flood hit your home or place of business, will you know what to do? The first 24 hours are crucial.

First, make sure that your home is safe from danger. Floods can damage a home's structural integrity, creating cracks and gaps in its foundation, among other problems. If you see any such damage, your home may be unsafe for re-entry.

Next, check for exposed power lines and damaged gas and sewer pipes. Notify your local utility company and be prepared to wait for a service representative. During times of natural disaster, utility companies receive a lot of inbound phone calls.

A good follow-up is to disconnect your home's power at its circuit breaker. This way, electricity can't mix with water in your home by accident -- a potentially lethal combination.

Once your home is safe, use a camera to document damage. Note: Do this before you start removing water or making repairs because it's evidence for the insurers.

You'll also want to throw out food and other items that have come into contact with flood waters. Flood waters may contain raw sewage and other contaminants that can harm you.

Lastly, contact your insurer and explain your situation. Be sure to follow your insurer's exact instructions because you don't want to do something that will void your claim. If you plan to make an immediate repair, notify your agent. Document your conversation with date, time, and topics discussed.

Like utility companies, your insurer may be overwhelmed with phone calls during a local flood. Optionally, you may call your insurer's headquarters instead. 

Just one inch of water can cause serious damage to your home. When flood waters hit, know what to do.

Everyone Lives In A Flood Zone. Are You Covered?

Everyone lives in a flood zone.

Flooding is the top-ranked natural disaster in the United States, with a dozen potential causes ranging from heavy rains, tropical storms and hurricanes to new housing developments and rain after fire. Floods can occur in all 50 states and, when they do, they leave massive damage in their wake.

Flood damages exceed $2.7 billion annually.

As a homeowner, you carry homeowners insurance to protect against theft and loss. Typical homeowners insurance, however, excludes damages from flooding. Homeowners in Novato , therefore, should make sure to have a separate flood insurance policy. And once that policy is in place, there are other steps you should follow, too.

First, make a log of your possessions, either on paper or by video. In your log, include everything that you own of value. Next, if you own jewelry, have it appraised and store the appraisal; if you own appliances, log the serial numbers and attach original receipts.

Then, buy a safe-deposit box at a bank, for example, and store your possession log. 

All of this information matters because, in the event you need to make a claim, you'll have an easier time dealing with the insurance adjuster. It's hard to prove possession of items that have been washed away by flood waters, after all.

You'll also want to share this list with your insurance agent in advance so your policy is made with the proper amount of coverage.

Floods can strike anywhere and, as many people learn the hard way, standard homeowners insurance does not include flood coverage. If you're without flood coverage, talk to your insurance agent about adding a flood policy.

Because many policies don't take effect until 30 days from purchase, this is one form of insurance you'll want to buy in advance.

If You're A Landlord, You Need A Landlord Insurance Policy

The ranks of the landlords are growing. Along with an increasing number of "accidental landlords", real estate investors now account for close to 20 percent of all home resales, according to the National Association of REALTORS®.

If you plan to buy a rental property in Novato , or to convert your current residence for long-term rental, make sure your home is properly insured.

A traditional homeowners insurance policy may be unsuitable for landlords.

A landlord insurance policy typically covers the home itself; the owner's possessions in the home; structures on the land including garages and sheds; and, minimal liability coverage in the event of injury or lawsuit.

It's common for landlords to increase that minimal liability coverage, adding an umbrella policy for $1,000,000 or more. Umbrella policies protect your home from an unfavorable lawsuit related to just about anything -- housing-related or not. 

Optionally, a policy may includes provisions for "lost rental income".

Annual premiums for a landlord insurance policy are often 20% more costly than for a standard homeowners policy. This puts the average landlord insurance premium near $950 per year.

Premiums vary by state, too. The top 3 most expensive states in which to insure a rented home are:

• Texas : $1,752 per year
• Florida : $1,668 per year
• Louisiana : $1,386 per year

At $464 per year, Idaho is the least expensive state in which to hold a landlord insurance policy.

Talk with your insurance agent about your insurance options as a landlord. There are tens of choices and coverages from which you can choose. Let a professional help you pick the best choice.